thomas



A. THOMAS.

APPARATUS FOR TURNING CRANK PINS ON ENGINE SHAFTS APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4, 1919.

1,345.41 5. Patented ly 6, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

SWIM fluaus r n/oM/zs mm A. THOMAS.

APPARATUS FOR TURNING CRANK PINS 0N ENGINE SHAFTS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4, I9I9.

1,345,41 5. Patented July 6, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

flususr Exams UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AUGUST THOMAS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 ELIZABETH A. BALTENSPERGER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR TURNING CRANK-PINS 0N ENGINE-SHAFTS.

Application filed March 4,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Auovs'r Tiionms, a citizen of Germany, and resident of the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in an Apparatus for Turning Crank-Pins on Engine- Shafts, of which the following is a specith cation.

My invention relates principally to apparatus for turning crank-pins on the crankshafts of engines and. has for its object to provide a simple and eflicient apparatus whereby a plurality of crank-pins, for instance, all those on a given crank-shaft, may be coincidentally turned in an economical and uniform manner, or whereby other elements may be etiiciently machined. My inwntion will be fully described hereinafter and the features of novelty will be pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which, for illustrative and descriptive purposes, show an example of my apparatus, Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section; Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1; and Figs. 3 to 16, inclusive, are detail views illustrating individual parts of my apparatus.

As illustrated, the apparatus com rises a support 20 of any suitable construction and which includes horizontal guide rails 21 and 22 and is provided further with a bed 23; a stationary center 24 is carried by an upright 25 extendin upwardly from the bed 23 and an adjusta le center 26, movable by means of a hand wheel 27, is carried by the tail-stock 28 which is mounted upon the bed 23 in any well-known way. The apparatus as so far described may have the same general appearance as a lathe of well-known construction.

A carriage 29 is supported upon the guide rails 21 and 22 respectively by means of a saddle 30 and a lug 31, as shown in Fi 2, and is movable lengthwise of said rai s in the manner and for the purpose to be more fully described hereinafter; if desired, a member 32 may be secured to the rail 22 by bolts 33 or the like so as to extend over the la 31 and maintain it in position on said ra1]. A complemental section 34 is secured upon said carriage 29 for instance by means of bolts 35 and with said carriage forms a housing in which an annular gear 36 is rota- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 6, 1920.

1919. Serial No. 280,666.

tably mounted. The latter meshes with a pinion 3T keyed upon a drive shaft 38 so as to be rotatable therewith and slidable lengthwise thereof, said shaft passing throu h the carriage 29 so as not to interfere with its sliding movements and being suitably journaled upon the support 20. Any suitable means as, for instance, a pulley 39 and a belt 40, may be used to drive the shaft 38.

As shown in Fig. 1, the two vertical surfaces of the annular gear 36 lie flush with the corresponding faces of the carriage 29 and complemental section 34, said gear being provided with an annular flange 41 which extends radially inward therefrom and forms an integral part of said gear. An annular block 42 is fitted within the gear 36 and normally bears against the flange 41, through which pass bolts 43 or the like whereby said block is secured in position; the annular block 42 is of such cross-sectional shape and dimensions as to fill the angle formed by the flange 41 and the gear 36 and to lie flush with the one vertical face thereof and with the peripheral edge of said flange 41, as shown in Fig. 2. The annular block 42 is provided with one or more keys or splines 44 which project inwardly from the inner, annular surface thereof and preferably extend transversely over the flange 41, as shown also in Fig. 2.

A gripping member 45 is fitted within the annular block 42 and is provided on its periphery with one or more transverse keyways 46 which fit over the key or keys 44 of the block 42 whereby the member 45 is connected to rotate in unison with the gear 36 and the annular block 42 and its connected parts are movable relatively to the member 45 in the direction of its axis as will be more fully described hereinafter. The gripping member 45 is cut out at its center to provide two parallel walls 47 into each of which a series of bolts 48 are screwthreaded; the two series of bolts project inwardly and are adjustable toward and away from each other and constitute the active gripping devices whereby the crankshaft is operatively combined with the apparatus as will be more fully set forth hereinafter.

The apparatus further includes two rings 49 and 50 secured respectively to the annular block 42 and to the flange 41 of the gear 36 by means of bolts 51 which pass through slots 52 in said rings 49 and 50, as

shown in Fig. 4; with this arrangement the rings 49 and are adjustable in radial directions relatively to said block 42 and gear 36. The outer periphery of each ring 49 and 50 is V-shaped, as indicated at 53 or otherwise formed to it within correspondinglyformed annular grooves in housings 54 which comprise two complemental sections bolted together by bolts 55 which pass through lugs 56, said housings being fitted over said rings as shown in Fig. 1. The sections of the housings 54 include, preferably as an integral part, the guide frames 57vand 58 which in the assembled condition of the apparatus register with each other as shown in Fig. 2 and are fitted into a frame 59 having lugs 60 and 61 arranged in pairs at o'ppositeends of said frame The lugs 60 and 61 respectively engage the upper face of the carriage section 34 and the lower surface of the carriage 29 whereby said frame 59 is adjustable relatively to said section 34 and carriage 29.

c The guide frames 57 are formed with grooves 62 and 63 located adjacent to each other, as shown in Fig.9 and accommodating the guide edges 64 and 65 of tool blocks 66, the latter being movable lengthwise of said frames 57 and being guided in such movements by means of the guide edges 64 and 65 in cooperation with the grooves 62 and 63. Any suitable means may be provided for shifting the tool blocks 66 in said guide frames; for instance, as shown, screws 67 may be provided for this purpose. These screws 67 are rotatably mounted in the upper end of the guide frames 57 but are held against axial movement relatively thereto and are in screw-threaded engagement with lugs'68 forming part of or secured to the tool blocks 66, actuating handles 69, or their equivalents being provided for manipulating said screws. Each tool block 66 carries a suitable cutting tool 70 which may be secured in position in any suitable manner and preferably so as to be readilyrremovable and interchangeable.

The apparatus includes in addition a feed mechanism whereby the carriage 29 and the elements carried thereby are shifted lengthwise of the guide rails 21 and 22; as shown,

to the countershaft 7 8 and journale d in the support 20 The feed mechanism is automatically driven, for instance, by means of a cone-pulley 77 located on the shaft 76 and connected by means of a belt 78 with a cone-pulley 79 secured upon the drive shaft 38, as shown in Fig. l; in addition, the feed mechanism may be manually operated by means of a hand wheel 80 carried by the countershaft 73.

In utilizing the apparatus, the crankshaft 81, of which the crank-pins 82 and 83 to .be turned form a part, is placed in the position by passing it through from the left in Fig. 1 and by placing its ends upon the stationary center 24 and the adjustable center 26 respectively, the latter center being adjusted by the hand wheel 27 to properly secure said shaft upon said centers; it will, of course, be understood that the crankshaft 81 is positioned in the apparatus so as to rotate truly about its axis. After the crank-shaft 81 has been properly positioned in the apparatus with the intermediate arm 84in a plane parallel with the walls 47 of the gripping member 45, the series of bolts 48 are adjusted toward each other to bring the heads of those bolts which are in registry with said arm 84 into firm engagement therewith; in this way the crank-shaft 81 is securely and rigidly connected with the gripping member 45. r

The rings 49 and 50' and the connected and cooperating elements are now adjusted relatively to the annular block 42 and gear flange 41, respectively, to bring their centers into absolute registry respectively with the centers of the crank-pins 82 and83, after which said rings are secured in their adjusted positions by means of the bolts 51. Through the proper manipulation of the actuating handle 69 and screws 67 the tool blocks 66 are adjusted lengthwise of the. guide frames to bring the cutting tools 2'0 into proper operative relation to the crank-pins 82 and 83, respectively.

The apparatus is now ready to be set in motion which'may be done through the medium of the belt 40 and pulley 39 whereby the drive shaft 38 and the pinion 37 are rotat'ably actuated. The movement of the pinion 37 is communicated to the annular gear 36 which is thus revolved in the housing formed by the carriage 29 and complemental section 34. The rotation of the gear 36 carries with it the annular block 42 and the gripping member 45 which is connected therewith through themedium 'of the lrey or keys 44 and the key-way or key-ways 46, and thus through the medium of the bolts 48 brings about a rotation of the crank-shaft 81 about its axis on the centers 25 and 26, the crank-pins 82 and 83 partaking of this rotary motion. Similarly, therings 49and 50 are caused to describe circular paths having the axis of the crank-shaft 81 centers and at the same time are caused to rotate in thehousin s 54 about their own axes, the

centers of which correspond respectively to the axesof the crank-pins 82 and 83. Assuming the crank-shaft 81 to be in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and the direc- Ill) tion of rotation to be as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2, the described actuation of the rings 49 and 50 will cause the housings 54 to move transversely to the left and right respectively in Fig. 2 and down and up in said figure; the transverse movements of the housings 54 are partaken of by the frames 59 which are guided in these movements by the lugs 60 and 61 in cooperation respectively with the upper face of the carriage section 34 and the lower surface of the carriage 29. As the housings 54 move downwardly and upwardly, the guide frames 57--58 are similarly moved in and relatively to the frames 59 and cause the cutting tools 70 to be correspondingly actuated. In other words, the cutting tools 70 are caused to follow the crank pins 82 and 83 throughout the movements thereof and to exert a cutting action on said crank pins which, in addition to describing circular paths, rotate relatively to said tools. As the apparatus continues in operation, the shaft 76 is rotated through the medium of the pulleys 79 and 77 and the belt 78 and thus, by means of the worm pinion 75 actuates the worm gear 74 and pinion 72; the latter in cooperation with the rack 71 brings about a movement of the carriage 29 lengthwise of the guide-rails 21 and 22. The feeding of the carriage as described carries with it the annular gear 36, annular block 42 and rings 49 and 50 with the connected elements, including the tool-blocks 66 and tools and thereby causes the circumferential cutting action of the latter to progress along the crank-pins 82 and 83. It will be understood that the movement of the carriage and the elements carried thereby is to the left in Fig. 1 and relatively to the gripping member 45, which, however, remains at all times in rotative connection with the gear 36 through the medium of the keys 44 and key-ways 46. The shifting of the carriage also carries with it the pinion 37 which is keyed upon and slidable lengthwise of the shaft 38 in the well-known way.

After one turning of the crank-pins has been completed, the carriage 29 and the elements carried thereby may be returned to their initial positions by manually manipulating the hand-wheel 80. By shifting the annular block 42 in an axial direction, relatively to the gear 36, through the medium of the bolts 43, the ring 49 will be similarly shifted; the distance between the two cutting tools 70 in an axial direction may thus be adjusted to correspond to the distance between two crank-pins of a pair on a given crankshaft.

As shown in the illustrated example, the apparatus is arranged to concurrently turn four crank-pins, the mechanism whereby one pair of crankpins is turned being shown in detail at the right in Fig. 1 and the other mechanism for turning the other two crankpins forming part of the crank-shaft 81 being shown in elevation to the left in Fig. 1; it will be understood that both mechanisms are duplicates of each other both in construction and operation. It will be further understood that the apparatus may be utilized to turn a single crank-pin, in which case part of the mechanism may be idle, or a pair of crank-pins or that it may be arranged to concurrently turn any number of crank pins other than the number shown in the illustrated example.

In addition, by properly setting the rings 49 and 50, the apparatus may be used to turn the shaft concurrently with the turning of one or more crank-pins; that is to say, one cutting tool may be set to work upon the shaft while one or more other outters are adjusted to work upon one or more crank-pins. Furthermore, as may be seen by reference to Fig. 1 of the drawings, the apparatus may be utilized to machine and finish the webs of the cranks.

It is, of course possible to use the apparatus for efliciently and economically turning bearings and other things, in addition to the uses enumerated above.

My apparatus is simple in construction and efficient in operation and requires no specially skilled attention; at the same time, it is economical and at all times produces uniform results within its range of operation.

Various changes in the specific form shown and described may be made within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim: I

1. An apparatus of the kind described comprising a support, means thereon for rotatably supporting a crank-shaft having a plurality of inte ral crank-pins, a carriage adjustable on said support and forming a housing, an annular gear mounted in said housing, a drive shaft, a pinion thereon in mesh with said gear whereby the latter is driven, a gripping member within said gear and rotatable therewith, said member being arranged to detachably grip the crank-shaft, cutting tools, and means mounted upon said annular gear and carrying said cutting tools whereby the latter are caused to follow the movements of said crank-pins and to remain in cutting relation thereto as said annular gear is actuated.

2. An apparatus of the kind described comprising a means for rotatabl supporting a crank-shaft having a plurality of integral crank-pins, a gripping device arranged to detachably grip said crank-shaft, rotatable means connected with said gripping device and movable relatively thereto in an axial direction, a plurality of cutting tools, carrying devices for said tools connected with said rotatable means and movable relatively thereto in directions transverse to each other whereby each cutting tool is caused to follow the rotative movements of a crank-pin, and means for actuating said rotatable means to rotate said crank-shaft and to axially shift saidrotatablemeans relatively to said gripping device whereby said tools are moved lengthwise of the crank-pins to concurrently turn all of the crank-pins on a given crank-shaft.

3. An apparatus of the kind described comprising a support means thereon for rotatably supporting a crank-shaft having a plurality of integral crank-pins, a carriage adjustable on said support and forming a housing, an annular gear mounted in said housing, a drive shaft, .a pinion thereon in mesh with said gear whereby the latter is driven, a gripping member located concentrically with said gear and rotatable therewith, said member being arranged to detachably grip the crank-shaft, and said gear being movable relatively to said gripping memberin an axial direction, a pair of rings adjustably connected with said gear on opposite faces thereof'a'nd having their centers in registry with axes of saidcranl-:pins, nonrotatable housings surrounding said rings, compound guide-frames carried by said housings and movable relatively to said rings in by each cutting tool follows the rotative movements of a crank-pin and means for ad- Listin said carria e on said su ort where D t by said ear is axially moved relatively to said gripping member and said cutting tools are moved lengthwise of said crank-pins to concurrently turn all of the crank-pins on a given crank-shaft.

4. An apparatus of the kind described comprising means for rotatably supporting a crank-shaft l'iavin-g a plurality of crankpins,ra plurality of cutting tools, means carrying said tools and arranged to follow the movements of said crank-pins whereby said tools are maintained in v cutting relation thereto, actuating means upon which said tool carrying means are mounted, said actuating means comprising an annular gear and an annular block fitted within the same,

adjusting means whereby said. block is 1nov-' able in an axial direction relatively to said gear to adjust the axial distance between said cutting tools and means whereby said actuating means is operated.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set In hand.

y AUGUST THOMAS. 

